What it is
Ankle sprains are injuries to the ligaments that stabilise the ankle joint, most commonly the lateral ligament complex following an inversion injury. They range from mild (grade I) to severe (grade III) and are one of the most common musculoskeletal injuries.
Common causes / risk factors
- Twisting or rolling the ankle (sports, uneven ground), insufficient warm-up, previous sprains (which increase risk), and poor neuromuscular control.
Symptoms
- Immediate pain, swelling, and difficulty bearing weight. Bruising may appear. In higher-grade sprains patients experience instability and prolonged functional limitations.
Evidence-based treatments
- Early management: short-term immobilisation/protected weight-bearing as needed, RICE principles (relative rest, ice, compression, elevation), and early functional rehabilitation.
- Supervised proprioception and strengthening programs reduce re-injury risk.
- Use of the Ottawa Ankle Rules or clinical guideline recommendations helps determine when imaging is required. Persistent instability or suspected severe structural damage may warrant imaging and specialist referral.
How Clear Step Podiatry can help
- Prompt assessment including Ottawa rules screening, ligament testing and weight-bearing function.
- Immediate management (strapping/taping, bracing or temporary immobilisation) and tailored rehabilitation focusing on proprioception, balance and strength to reduce recurrence.
- Referral pathways for imaging (if fracture suspected) and specialist care for chronic instability or complex cases.
